Criminal intelligence collection and analysis have been a core function of the Kenyan Police Force since its inception. Initially housed within the Criminal Investigations Department (CID), this function was one of several key responsibilities.
The importance of criminal intelligence became even more prominent following the separation of the Directorate of Security Intelligence (DSI) from the Kenyan Police Force. This paved the way for the establishment of a dedicated Criminal Intelligence Unit (CIU) in 1991. In 2016, the CIU was renamed the Criminal Intelligence Bureau (CIB), reflecting its expanded role. Finally, in 2020, the unit was restructured as the Crime Research and Intelligence Bureau (CR&IB) to incorporate a research component.
The legal mandate for the Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) and its subsidiary CR&IB is established by Section 35 of the National Police Service Act (Act No. 11 of 2011) and further clarified by Kenya Gazette Notice Supplement No. 224 of 2020.